MARCAINE AND EPINEPHRINE - VIAL Drug Interactions

(bupivacaine hydrochloride & epinephrine injection, USP - VIAL)

7 DRUG INTERACTIONS

7.1 Local Anesthetics

The toxic effects of local anesthetics are additive. If coadministration of other local anesthetics with MARCAINE / MARCAINE WITH EPINEPHRINE cannot be avoided, monitor patients for neurologic and cardiovascular effects related to local anesthetic systemic toxicity [see Dosage and Administration (2.1), Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].

7.2 Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors and Tricyclic Antidepressants

The administration of MARCAINE WITH EPINEPHRINE to patients receiving monoamine oxidase inhibitors, or tricyclic antidepressants may produce severe, prolonged hypertension. Concurrent use of these agents should generally be avoided. In situations when concurrent therapy is necessary, careful monitoring of the patient's hemodynamic status is essential [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)].

7.3 Ergot-Type Oxytocic Drugs

Concurrent administration of MARCAINE WITH EPINEPHRINE and ergot-type oxytocic drugs may cause severe, persistent hypertension or cerebrovascular accidents. Avoid use of MARCAINE WITH EPINEPHRINE concomitantly with ergot-type oxytocic drugs [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)].

7.4 Nonselective Beta-Adrenergic Antagonists

Administration of MARCAINE WITH EPINEPHRINE (containing a vasoconstrictor) in patients receiving nonselective beta-adrenergic antagonists may cause severe hypertension and bradycardia. Concurrent use of these agents should generally be avoided. In situations when concurrent therapy is necessary, careful monitoring of the patient's blood pressure and heart rate is essential [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)].

7.5 Drugs Associated with Methemoglobinemia

Patients who are administered MARCAINE / MARCAINE WITH EPINEPHRINE are at increased risk of developing methemoglobinemia when concurrently exposed to the following drugs, which could include other local anesthetics [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)].

Examples of Drugs Associated with Methemoglobinemia:

Class

Examples

Nitrates/Nitrites

nitric oxide, nitroglycerin, nitroprusside, nitrous oxide

Local anesthetics

articaine, benzocaine, bupivacaine, lidocaine, mepivacaine, prilocaine, procaine, ropivacaine, tetracaine

Antineoplastic agents

cyclophosphamide, flutamide, hydroxyurea, ifosfamide, rasburicase

Antibiotics

dapsone, nitrofurantoin, para-aminosalicylic acid, sulfonamides

Antimalarials

chloroquine, primaquine

Anticonvulsants

phenobarbital, phenytoin, sodium valproate

Other drugs

acetaminophen, metoclopramide, quinine, sulfasalazine

7.6 Potent Inhalation Anesthetics

Serious dose-related cardiac arrhythmias may occur if preparations containing a vasoconstrictor such as epinephrine (e.g., MARCAINE WITH EPINEPHRINE) are used in patients during or following the administration of potent inhalation anesthetics [see Warnings and Precautions (5.13)].

7.7 Phenothiazines and Butyrophenones

Phenothiazines and butyrophenones may reduce or reverse the pressor effect of epinephrine. Concurrent use of MARCAINE WITH EPINEPHRINE and these agents should generally be avoided. In situations when concurrent therapy is necessary, careful patient monitoring is essential.

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Drug Interactions

7 DRUG INTERACTIONS

7.1 Local Anesthetics

The toxic effects of local anesthetics are additive. If coadministration of other local anesthetics with MARCAINE / MARCAINE WITH EPINEPHRINE cannot be avoided, monitor patients for neurologic and cardiovascular effects related to local anesthetic systemic toxicity [see Dosage and Administration (2.1), Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].

7.2 Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors and Tricyclic Antidepressants

The administration of MARCAINE WITH EPINEPHRINE to patients receiving monoamine oxidase inhibitors, or tricyclic antidepressants may produce severe, prolonged hypertension. Concurrent use of these agents should generally be avoided. In situations when concurrent therapy is necessary, careful monitoring of the patient's hemodynamic status is essential [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)].

7.3 Ergot-Type Oxytocic Drugs

Concurrent administration of MARCAINE WITH EPINEPHRINE and ergot-type oxytocic drugs may cause severe, persistent hypertension or cerebrovascular accidents. Avoid use of MARCAINE WITH EPINEPHRINE concomitantly with ergot-type oxytocic drugs [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)].

7.4 Nonselective Beta-Adrenergic Antagonists

Administration of MARCAINE WITH EPINEPHRINE (containing a vasoconstrictor) in patients receiving nonselective beta-adrenergic antagonists may cause severe hypertension and bradycardia. Concurrent use of these agents should generally be avoided. In situations when concurrent therapy is necessary, careful monitoring of the patient's blood pressure and heart rate is essential [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)].

7.5 Drugs Associated with Methemoglobinemia

Patients who are administered MARCAINE / MARCAINE WITH EPINEPHRINE are at increased risk of developing methemoglobinemia when concurrently exposed to the following drugs, which could include other local anesthetics [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)].

Examples of Drugs Associated with Methemoglobinemia:

Class

Examples

Nitrates/Nitrites

nitric oxide, nitroglycerin, nitroprusside, nitrous oxide

Local anesthetics

articaine, benzocaine, bupivacaine, lidocaine, mepivacaine, prilocaine, procaine, ropivacaine, tetracaine

Antineoplastic agents

cyclophosphamide, flutamide, hydroxyurea, ifosfamide, rasburicase

Antibiotics

dapsone, nitrofurantoin, para-aminosalicylic acid, sulfonamides

Antimalarials

chloroquine, primaquine

Anticonvulsants

phenobarbital, phenytoin, sodium valproate

Other drugs

acetaminophen, metoclopramide, quinine, sulfasalazine

7.6 Potent Inhalation Anesthetics

Serious dose-related cardiac arrhythmias may occur if preparations containing a vasoconstrictor such as epinephrine (e.g., MARCAINE WITH EPINEPHRINE) are used in patients during or following the administration of potent inhalation anesthetics [see Warnings and Precautions (5.13)].

7.7 Phenothiazines and Butyrophenones

Phenothiazines and butyrophenones may reduce or reverse the pressor effect of epinephrine. Concurrent use of MARCAINE WITH EPINEPHRINE and these agents should generally be avoided. In situations when concurrent therapy is necessary, careful patient monitoring is essential.

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