DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
Epinephrine Injection, USP is administered by intravenous injection and/or in cardiac arrest, by intracardiac injection into the left ventricular chamber or via endotracheal tube directly into the bronchial tree. The adult intravenous dose for hypersensitivity reactions or to relieve bronchospasm usually ranges from 0.1 to 0.25 mg (1 to 2.5 mL of 0.1 mg/mL solution), injected slowly. Neonates may be given a dose of 0.01 mg per kg of body weight; for the infant 0.05 mg is an adequate initial dose and this may be repeated at 20 to 30 minute intervals in the management of asthma attacks.
In cardiac arrest, 0.5 to 1.0 mg (5 to 10 mL of 0.1 mg/mL solution) may be given. During a resuscitation effort, 0.5 mg (5 mL) should be administered intravenously every five minutes.
Intracardiac injection should only be administered by personnel well trained in the technique, if there has not been sufficient time to establish an intravenous route. The intracardiac dose usually ranges from 0.3 to 0.5 mg (3 to 5 mL of 0.1 mg/mL solution).
Alternatively, if the patient has been intubated, epinephrine can be injected via the endotracheal tube directly into the bronchial tree at the same dosage as for intravenous injection. It is rapidly absorbed through the lung capillary bed.
Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. (See PRECAUTIONS.)
To prevent needle-stick injuries, needles should not be recapped, purposely bent or broken by hand.